Terminologies Used in Genetics

Which one of the following genotypes can form only 2 different types of gametes?

The below diagram represents

The recessive character of Mendel was

If after a cross, a particular plant produces $50\%$ dominant characters and $50\%$ recessive characters, the probable genotypes of the parents would be

A heterozygous tall plant which produces round seed $\left(\mathrm{RR}\right)$ is crossed with a homozygous dwarf plant which produces wrinkled seeds. The offspring would be in the phenotypic ratio:

In a plant, red flower $\left(\mathrm{R}\right)$ is dominant over yellow flower $\left(\mathrm{r}\right)$ and tallness $\left(\mathrm{T}\right)$ dominant over shortness $\left(\mathrm{t}\right)$. A plant with $\mathrm{RRTt}$ genotype is crossed with plant of $\mathrm{rrtt}$ genotype. The progeny is:

How would you test a pea plant whether it is pure or hybrid for tallness?

From the given statements, find the correct option:

I. Test crosses are used to determine the unknown genotype of an organism within one breeding generation.

II. Test cross is a cross between F₁ hybrid and dominant or recessive parents.

An allele that mask the effect of another allele is called

Genetically identical progeny is produced when an individual :

Heterosis is

If the gene pool of the locus X in the human genome is 4, then what would be the highest possible number of genotypes in a large population?

Choose the wrong statement.

A.  A single gene product may produce more than one effect thus it relates to pleiotropy

B. Dominance is an autonomous feature of a gene or the product

C. The frequency of recombination between gene pairs on the same chromosome as a measure of distance between those genes

D. Breeder cannot select the mutations of the desirable types as it has less variability

The correct answer is

In a cross between homozygous recessive and a heterozygous dominant, the phenotypic and genotypic ratios respectively are

In order to know the genotype of a dominant phenotype, it is crossed with a recessive parent. The cross resulted in $50\%$ of recessive phenotypes. The genotype of the dominant phenotype used in the test cross is

Choose the correct statements.
A. A single gene may be related to more than one character is called pleiotropy.
B. A non-functional allele can be considered as dominant allele when an unmodified gene is called recessive trait.
C. Genes which code for a pair of contrasting traits are known as alleles.
D. Sahiwal cows of Punjab are the example for selection.

Who coined the term allele?

Allele is ____________.